[Although the ignition source of the fire which killed Grissom, White, and Chaffee on this day in 1967 was never conclusively identified, the astronauts' deaths were attributed to a wide range of lethal design hazards in the early Apollo command module - the kind of clusterfuck which that normally comes from accepting the lowest bid.]
661 CE - The
Rashidun Caliphate ended with death of
Ali.
1142 - General
Yue Fei of the
Southern Song Dynasty was executed on orders of Chancellor
Qin Hui which may or may not have come directly from
Emperor Gaozong; nevertheless, for his groundless act Qin Hui is today remembered as a
traitor to the Han race whereas Yue Fei is still considered a paragon of loyalty.
1186 -
King of Germany,
King of Italy, and Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VI (the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I and
Beatrix of Burgundy) married
Constance of Sicily, who was herself the sole legitimate heir of Sicily's King
William II - thus adding that crown to his already impressive collection.
1595 - Following a failed attack on
San Juan, Puerto Rico, English privateer Sir
Francis Drake died of dysentery
off the Panamanian coast near
Portobelo; he was 55. Drake was later buried at sea in a lead coffin wearing his full armour - a treasure which continues to elude discovery to this day...
1606 -
Guy Fawkes and his co-conspirators went on trial in London's
Westminster Hall for their role in the
Gunpowder Plot.
1785 - The
University of Georgia was founded, making it the first public university in the United States.
1870 - The
Kappa Alpha Theta fraternity was founded at
DePauw University.
1880 -
Thomas Edison filed a patent for the electric-incandescent lamp, more commonly known today as a
light-bulb.
1888 - The
National Geographic Society was incorporated in Washington, DC, by
Gardiner Greene Hubbard - having been founded two weeks earlier at the
Cosmos Club.
1909 - The
Young Left was founded in
Norway.
1918 - The first hostilities occurred in the
Finnish Civil War - pitting the
White Guards and the
German Empire against the
Red Guards and the
Russian SFSR.
1939 - The
Lockheed P-38 Lightning made its first flight.
1944 - The 900-day
Siege of Leningrad was lifted after the 13-day
Leningrad-Novgorod Strategic Offensive saw Soviet forces rout the city's Nazi occupiers.
1945 - The Nazi concentration camp at
Auschwitz was
liberated.
1951 -
Nuclear testing at the
Nevada Test Site began with a one-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flats.
1967 - Gus Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee were killed when a fire broke out during a training exercise on the Apollo I spacecraft.
1973 - Colonel
William Nolde was killed in action at
An Loc eleven hours before the signing of the
Paris Peace Accords officially ended the
Vietnam War, making him the conflict's last recorded American combat casualty.
1996 -
International Holocaust Remembrance Day was first celebrated in Germany.
2003 - The first selections for the
National Recording Registry were announced by the
Library of Congress; they included
50 diverse offerings such as those made by
Thomas Edison when first exhibiting his phonograph in 1888, the
Metropolitan Opera's
Mapleson Cylinders,
Ragtime piano rolls by
Scott Joplin,
Booker T. Washington's
1895 Atlanta Exposition speech, and a recording of
Casey at the Bat as performed by vaudevillian
DeWolf Hopper among others.
*