[Located on the corner of Victoria and Federal Streets in the Auckland CBD, the Sky Tower looms 328 metres (1,076 ft) over the largest city in New Zealand, making it the 15th tallest member of the World Federation of Great Towers.]
1284 - The Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England.
1575 - India's Mughal Emperor Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar defeated a Bengali army at the Battle of Tukaroi.
1585 - The Olympic Theatre, designed by Andrea Palladio, was inaugurated in Vicenza.
1776 - The first amphibious landing of the US Marine Corps began the Battle of Nassau.
1845 - Florida became the 27th US state.
1855 - Alexander II became Tsar of Russia following the death of his father Nicholas I.
1861 - Russia's Tsar Alexander II signed the Emancipation Manifesto into law, thereby abolishing Russian serfdom.
1865 - The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, founding member of the HSBC Group, was opened by Thomas Sutherland at Wardley House in Hong Kong.
1875 - The first ever organized indoor game of ice hockey was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink, as recorded by the Montreal Gazette.
1878 - Bulgaria regained its independence from the Ottoman Empire according to the Treaty of San Stefano, a day still celebrated there as Liberation Day; shortly thereafter the Congress of Berlin stripped the newly liberated nation of its status, making it once again an autonomous state of the Ottoman Empire.
1918 - Germany, Austria and Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending Russia's involvement in World War I and leading to the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland.
1924 - A 1400-year-old Islamic caliphate was abolished when Abdul Mejid II of the Ottoman Empire was deposed; this last remnant of the old regime gave way to the reformed Turkey of Kemal Atatürk.
1942 - Ten Japanese warplanes raided the town of Broome in Western Australia, killing more than 100 people.
1943 - 173 people (including 62 children) were killed in a crush while trying to enter an air-raid shelter at London's Bethnal Green tube station.
1944 - The Order of Nakhimov and Order of Ushakov were instituted in USSR as the highest naval awards.
1961 - Hassan II became King of Morocco following the death of his father Mohammed V.
1997 - The tallest free-standing structure in the Southern Hemisphere, Sky Tower opened in downtown Auckland after two-and-a-half years of construction.
2005 - James Roszko killed four Royal Canadian Mounted Police constables - Peter Schiemann, Anthony Gordon, Lionide Johnston, and Brock Myrol - during a drug bust at his property in Rochfort Bridge, Alberta, then committed suicide; the so-called Mayerthorpe Incident was the deadliest peace-time incident for the RCMP since 1885's North-West Rebellion.
2009 - The Sri Lankan Cricket Team was attacked by terrorists while on their way to the Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore for the third day of a second Test Match against Pakistan; six members of the team were injured by the 12 gunmen, while two civilians and two police officers were killed.
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